Njengamanje, ubhadane olusha lwe-pneumonia lomqhele omusha lunomthelela omkhulu ekuhlelweni kwezomnotho emhlabeni nasemisebenzini yezomnotho, izinguquko ezinkulu kwi-geopolitics, kanye nengcindezi eyandayo kwezokuphepha kwamandla. Ukuthuthukiswa komkhakha wamakhemikhali wamalahle ezweni lami kubaluleke kakhulu kumasu.
Muva nje, uXie Kechang, usekela-dean we-Chinese Academy of Engineering nomqondisi we-Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology eMnyangweni Wezemfundo waseTaiyuan University of Technology, ubhale udaba ukuthi imboni yanamuhla yamakhemikhali yamalahle, njengengxenye ebalulekile ye uhlelo lwamandla, kumele "lukhuthaze ukukhiqizwa kwamandla nokusetshenziswa kwamandla futhi lwakhiwe uhlelo oluhlanzekile lwekhabhoni ephansi, ephephile futhi esebenza kahle" luyisiqondiso sonke, futhi izidingo eziyisisekelo ze "carbon ehlanzekile, ephansi, ephephile futhi esebenza kahle" yizidingo eziyisisekelo ekwakhiweni kwemboni yesimanje yemakhemikhali wemalahle ngesikhatsi “seLuhlelo Lweminyaka Lelisihlanu Lwe-14”. Ukuthunywa "kweziqinisekiso eziyisithupha" kudinga ukuthi kuqinisekiswe uhlelo oluqinile lwamandla okubuyiselwa okuphelele kokukhiqizwa nokuhleleka kokuphila nokubuyiselwa komnotho waseChina.
Isimo seqhinga lomkhakha wamakhemikhali wamalahle wezwe lami besingakacaci
UXie Kechang wethule ukuthi ngemuva kweminyaka yentuthuko, umkhakha wamakhemikhali wamanje wamakhemikhali wethu wenze inqubekela phambili enkulu. Okokuqala, isilinganiso sonke siphambili emhlabeni, okwesibili, izinga lokusebenza kwezindawo zokubonisa noma zokukhiqiza lithuthukile ngokuqhubekayo, kanti okwesithathu, ingxenye enkulu yobuchwepheshe isezingeni eliphakeme noma eliholayo lomhlaba jikelele. Kodwa-ke, kusenezici ezithile ezibekelwe imingcele ekwakhiweni kwemboni yanamuhla yamakhemikhali amalahle ezweni lami.
Ukuma kwamasu okuthuthukiswa kwezimboni akucaci. Amalahle amandla amakhulu ekwaneliseni amandla eChina. Umphakathi awunalwazi ngemboni yesimanje yamakhemikhali yamalahle kanye nemboni yamakhemikhali ephezulu esezingeni eliphezulu engakwazi ukuhlanzeka futhi isebenze kahle, futhi ngokwengxenye ithathe isikhundla semboni ephethiloli, bese kuvela i- “de-coalization” kanye ne- “smelling chemical discoloration”, okwenza umkhakha wamakhemikhali waseChina usebenze ibekwe ngamasu Akukacaci futhi kucacile, okuholele ekushintsheni kwenqubomgomo kanye nomuzwa wokuthi amabhizinisi agibela “i-roller coaster”.
Ukushoda kwangaphakathi kuthinta izinga lokuncintisana kwezimboni. Imboni yamakhemikhali yamalahle uqobo lwayo inokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi nokusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwemithombo, futhi nezinkinga zokuvikelwa kwemvelo ezibangelwa “imfucuza emithathu”, ikakhulukazi amanzi amdaka amakhemikhali amalahle, avelele; ngenxa yokusabela okubalulekile kokuguqulwa kwe-hydrogen (ukuguqula) kubuchwepheshe bamanje bamakhemikhali wamalahle, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi nokukhishwa kwekhabhoni kuphezulu; Ngenxa yenani elikhulu lemikhiqizo eyinhloko, ukuthuthuka okunganele kwemikhiqizo ehlanjululwe, ehlukanisiwe, futhi ekhethekile esezansi, inzuzo yokuqhathanisa yale mboni ayicaci, futhi nokuncintisana akunamandla; ngenxa yegebe ekuhlanganisweni kobuchwepheshe nokuphathwa kokukhiqizwa, izindleko zomkhiqizo ziphakeme, futhi ukusebenza kahle ngokuphelele kusalokhu kufanele kuthuthukiswe njll.
Isimo sangaphandle sivimbela intuthuko yezimboni. Intengo kaphethiloli nokunikezwa, umthamo womkhiqizo nemakethe, ukwabiwa kwemithombo nentela, ukuxhaswa ngezimali nokubuyiselwa kwemali, amandla ezemvelo nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi, igesi ebamba ukushisa nokunciphisa ukungcola konke lokhu kuyizici zangaphandle ezithinta ukuthuthukiswa komkhakha wamakhemikhali wamalahle wezwe lami. Izici ezizodwa noma eziphakeme ezikhathini ezithile nasezifundeni ezithile azigcini nje ngokuvimbela kakhulu ukukhula okunempilo komkhakha wamakhemikhali wamalahle, kodwa futhi kunciphise kakhulu ikhono lezomnotho lokulwa nobungozi bezimboni ezakhiwe.
Kufanele ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwezomnotho kanye nekhono lokulwa nobungozi
Ukuphepha kwezamandla kuyinkinga esezingeni eliphelele futhi ehambisana nokuthuthuka kwezomnotho nezenhlalo eChina. Njengoba sibhekene nesimo sokuthuthuka kwezasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla ahlanzekile eChina kudinga ukuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo kobuchwepheshe bokususa ukungcola okuphezulu, ubuchwepheshe bokulawula obudidiyelwe obuningi, kanye nokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile. Ubuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa izero kanye “nobuncithakalo abathathu” ubuchwepheshe bokusetshenziswa kwezinsizakusebenza, kuncike kumaphrojekthi okubonisa ukufeza ukwenziwa kwezimboni ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi ngasikhathi sinye, ngokuya ngemvelo yomkhathi, indawo yezamanzi nomthamo wemvelo yenhlabathi, ngokwesayensi phaka isisekelo samalahle umkhakha wamakhemikhali wamandla. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyadingeka ukuthi kusungulwe futhi kuthuthukiswe amandla asetshenziswa ngamalahle kanye namazinga wokukhiqiza ahlanzekile amakhemikhali kanye nezinqubomgomo ezihlobene nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, kuthuthukiswe uhlelo lokuphathwa kokukhiqiza oluhlanzekile lokuvunywa kwephrojekthi, ukugadwa kwenqubo ephelele kanye nokuhlolwa kwangemuva, kucaciswe izibopho zokuphatha, yakha uhlelo lokuphendula, futhi iqondise futhi ilawule amandla asuselwa kumalahle Ukuthuthukiswa okuhlanzekile kwemboni yamakhemikhali.
UXie Kechang uphakamise ukuthi maqondana nokuthuthuka kwekhabhoni ephansi, kuyadingeka ukuthi kucaciswe ukuthi iyiphi imboni yamakhemikhali ezisebenza ngamalahle engakwaziyo futhi engayenzi ekwehliseni ikhabhoni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele izinzuzo ze-high-concentration CO by-product ngenkathi kwenziwa imboni yamakhemikhali yamandla amalahle futhi ihlole ngenkuthalo ubuchwepheshe beCCUS. Ukuthunyelwa okuthuthukile kweCCS esebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nocwaningo olunqenqemeni nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe beCCUS obufana nezikhukhula ze-CO kanye nama-CO-to-olefin ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinsizakusebenza ze-CO; ngakolunye uhlangothi, akunakwenzeka ukuthi "uphonsa igundane" futhi ungazinaki izimfanelo zenqubo yomkhakha wamandla wamandla wamalahle osuselwa kumalahle, futhi uvimbele Ukuthuthukiswa kwesayensi kwemboni yamakhemikhali yamandla amalahle edinga ubuchwepheshe obuphazamisayo ukuphuka ngokusebenzisa umgogodla wokunciphisa ukungcola emthonjeni nasokongeni amandla nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle, futhi kwenziwe buthaka isimo sekhabhoni ephezulu yemboni yamakhemikhali esetshenziswa ngamalahle.
Mayelana nentuthuko ephephile, uhulumeni kufanele acacise ukubaluleka kwamasu nokubekwa kwezimboni kwamakhemikhali kagesi asetshenziswa ngamalahle “njengetshe le-ballast” lokuphepha kwamandla ezwe lami, futhi athathe ngobuqotho intuthuko ehlanzekile nephumelelayo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamalahle njengesisekelo futhi umsebenzi oyinhloko wokuguqulwa kwamandla nentuthuko. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuyadingeka ukuhola ukwakhiwa kwezinqubomgomo zokuhlelwa kwamandla kagesi namakhemikhali, ukuqondisa izinto ezintsha eziphazamisayo kwezobuchwepheshe, nokukhuthaza ngokuhlelekile izimboni zamandla namakhemikhali ezisebenza ngamalahle ukuze kutholakale kancane kancane ukubonakaliswa kokuthuthuka, ukuhweba ngokulingene kanye nokwenza izimboni ngokugcwele; qamba izinqubomgomo ezifanele zokuqinisekisa ezomnotho nezezezimali ukwenza ngcono Ukuqalisa umnotho nokuncintisana kwamabhizinisi, kwakha isikali esithile samandla okufaka amandla kawoyela negesi, nokwakha indawo enhle yangaphandle yokuthuthukisa imboni yamakhemikhali yamalahle yanamuhla.
Ngokuya ngokuthuthuka okuphezulu, kuyadingeka ukwenza ngenkuthalo ucwaningo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimboni kobuchwepheshe obusebenza kahle bamalahle obususelwa kumalahle njengokuhlanganiswa okuqondile kwama-olefin / ama-aromatics, i-pyrolysis yamalahle nokuhlanganiswa kwegesi, nokubona impumelelo kumandla ukonga nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa; ngamandla ukukhuthaza imboni yamakhemikhali yamandla asuselwa kumalahle kanye Nentuthuko edidiyelwe yamandla nezinye izimboni, ukunweba uchungechunge lwezimboni, ukukhiqiza amakhemikhali aphezulu, anezici eziphezulu, futhi enza ngcono ukusebenza kahle komnotho, ukumelana nobungozi nokuncintisana; ukujulisa ukuphathwa kwamandla okonga amandla, kugxile ekukhuthazeni uchungechunge lobuchwepheshe bokonga amandla njengobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphansi bokusebenzisa amandla, ukonga amalahle nobuchwepheshe bokonga amanzi, nokwandisa inqubo yezobuchwepheshe, nokwenza ngcono ukusetshenziswa kahle kwemithombo yamandla. (UMeng Fanjun)
Dlulisa kusuka: China Industry News
Isikhathi Iposi: Jul-21-2020