Njengamanje, ubhubhane olusha lwenyumoniya lunomthelela omkhulu ekuhlelekeni komnotho emhlabeni jikelele kanye nemisebenzi yezomnotho, izinguquko ezijulile kupolitiki yezwe, kanye nengcindezi ekhulayo ekuvikelekeni kwamandla. Ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yesimanje yamakhemikhali wamalahle ezweni lami kubaluleke kakhulu.
Muva nje, u-Xie Kechang, isekela lomphathi we-Chinese Academy of Engineering kanye nomqondisi weLabhorethri Ebalulekile yeSayensi Yamalahle Nobuchwepheshe woMnyango Wezemfundo waseTaiyuan University of Technology, wabhala isihloko esithi imboni yamakhemikhali yamalahle yesimanje, njengengxenye ebalulekile ye- uhlelo lwamandla kagesi, kumele “lukhuthaze ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kanye noguquko lokusetshenziswa kanye nokwakha i-Low-carbon ehlanzekile, uhlelo lwamandla oluphephile futhi olusebenza kahle” luyisiqondiso sonke, futhi izidingo eziyisisekelo “zokuhlanza, i-carbon low, ephephile nokusebenza kahle” yizimfuneko eziyisisekelo. ukuze kuthuthukiswe imboni yesimanje yamakhemikhali amalahle ngesikhathi “soHlelo Lweminyaka Emihlanu Lweminyaka Eyi-14”. Inhloso “yeziqinisekiso eziyisithupha” idinga isiqinisekiso esiqinile sohlelo lwamandla okubuyiselwa okuphelele kokukhiqiza kanye nokuhleleka kokuphila kanye nokusimama komnotho waseShayina.
Ukuma kwemboni yamakhemikhali yamalahle yezwe lami akukacaci
U-Xie Kechang wethula ukuthi ngemva kweminyaka yokuthuthuka, imboni yamakhemikhali yamalahle yesimanje yezwe lami ibe nenqubekelaphambili enkulu. Okokuqala, isilinganiso esiphelele sihamba phambili emhlabeni, okwesibili, izinga lokusebenza lezindawo zokubonisa noma zokukhiqiza liye lathuthukiswa ngokuqhubekayo, kanti okwesithathu, ingxenye enkulu yobuchwepheshe isezingeni eliphezulu lamazwe ngamazwe noma elihamba phambili. Kodwa-ke, kusekhona ezinye izinto ezivimbelayo ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yesimanje yamakhemikhali wamalahle ezweni lami.
Ukuma kwesu lokuthuthukiswa kwezimboni akucacile. Amalahle angamandla amakhulu e-China yokukwazi ukuzimela ngokwamandla. Umphakathi awunalo ulwazi ngemboni yamakhemikhali yamalahle yesimanje kanye nemboni yamakhemikhali aluhlaza angahlanzeka futhi asebenze kahle, futhi ngokwengxenye athathele indawo imboni ye-petrochemical, bese kuvela “i-de-coalization” kanye “nokushintshashintsha kwamakhemikhali okunukayo”, okwenza imboni yamakhemikhali yamalahle yaseChina ibonakale. ibekwe ngendlela ehlelekile Akuzange kucace futhi kucace, okuholele ekuguqulweni kwenqubomgomo kanye nomuzwa wokuthi amabhizinisi agibele “i-roller coaster”.
Ukushiyeka kwangaphakathi kuthinta izinga lokuncintisana kwezimboni. Imboni yamakhemikhali amalahle ngokwawo inokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi kanye nokusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwezinsiza, futhi izinkinga zokuvikelwa kwemvelo ezibangelwa "imfucumfucu emithathu", ikakhulukazi amanzi angcolile amakhemikhali amalahle, zivelele; ngenxa yokulungiswa kwe-hydrogen okudingekayo (ukuguqulwa) ukusabela kobuchwepheshe bamakhemikhali wamalahle wesimanje, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kanye nokukhishwa kwekhabhoni kuphezulu; Ngenxa yenani elikhulu lemikhiqizo eyisisekelo, ukuthuthukiswa okunganele kwemikhiqizo ecwengisisiwe, ehlukanisiwe, nekhethekile, inzuzo yokuqhathanisa yemboni ayibonakali, futhi ukuncintisana akunamandla; ngenxa yegebe ekuhlanganisweni kobuchwepheshe nokuphathwa kokukhiqiza, izindleko zomkhiqizo ziphezulu, futhi ukusebenza kahle kukonke kusazothuthukiswa njll.
Imvelo yangaphandle ivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni. Intengo kaphethiloli kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwempahla, umthamo womkhiqizo kanye nezimakethe, ukwabiwa kwezinsiza kanye nentela, ukuxhaswa ngezimali kwezikweletu kanye nembuyiselo, amandla emvelo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi, ukuncishiswa kwesisi esingcolisa umoya kanye nokunciphisa ukungcola konke kuyizici zangaphandle ezithinta ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yamakhemikhali yamalahle yezwe lami. Isici esisodwa noma esibekwe phezulu ezikhathini ezithile nasezifundeni ezithile azikhawulanga nje kuphela ukuthuthukiswa okunempilo kwemboni yamakhemikhali wamalahle, kodwa futhi zanciphisa kakhulu amandla ezomnotho okulwa nengcuphe ezimbonini ezakhiwe.
Kufanele ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwezomnotho kanye nekhono lokulwa nengozi
Ukuphepha kwamandla kuyindaba ephelele futhi enamasu ehlobene nentuthuko yezomnotho nezenhlalakahle yaseChina. Njengoba ibhekene nemvelo eyinkimbinkimbi yentuthuko yasekhaya neyamazwe ngamazwe, ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla ahlanzekile eShayina kudinga ukuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo kobuchwepheshe bokususa ukungcola obusebenza kahle kakhulu, ubuchwepheshe bokulawula obudidiyelwe obunokungcola okuningi, nokuhlanza amanzi angcolile. Ubuchwepheshe be-Zero-emission kanye nobuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa izinsiza “ezingcolile ezintathu”, obuthembele kumaphrojekthi okubonisa ukuze kuzuzwe izimboni ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokusekelwe esimweni somoya, imvelo yamanzi kanye namandla emvelo yenhlabathi, kusabalalisa ngokwesayensi amalahle imboni yamakhemikhali yamandla. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyadingeka ukusungula nokuthuthukisa amazinga okukhiqiza amandla asekelwe emalahleni kanye namakhemikhali ahlanzekile kanye nezinqubomgomo eziphathelene nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokuphatha ukukhiqiza oluhlanzekile lokugunyazwa kwephrojekthi, ukugadwa kwenqubo egcwele kanye nokuhlolwa kwangemuva, ukucacisa izibopho zokuqondisa, bakhe uhlelo lokuziphendulela, futhi baqondise futhi balawule amandla asekelwe emalahleni Ukuthuthukiswa okuhlanzekile kwemboni yamakhemikhali.
U-Xie Kechang uphakamise ukuthi mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kwekhabhoni ephansi, kuyadingeka ukucacisa ukuthi imboni yamakhemikhali asekelwe emalahleni ingakwazi yini futhi ingakwenzi ekunciphiseni i-carbon. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele izinzuzo zomkhiqizo we-CO wokugxila okuphezulu ohlelweni lwemboni yamakhemikhali asekelwe emalahleni futhi uhlole ngenkuthalo ubuchwepheshe be-CCUS. Ukusatshalaliswa okuthuthukisiwe kwe-CCS esebenza kahle kakhulu kanye nocwaningo oluphambili nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-CCUS obufana nezikhukhula ze-CO kanye ne-CO-to-olefins ukuze kwandiswe ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza ze-CO; ngakolunye uhlangothi, akwenzeki "ukuphonsa igundane" futhi ungazinaki izici zenqubo yemboni yamakhemikhali ekhabhoni esekelwe emalahleni, bese uvimbela Ukuthuthukiswa kwesayensi kwemboni yamakhemikhali asekelwe emalahleni kudinga ubuchwepheshe obuphazamisayo ukuze kuphuke. ngokusebenzisa ibhodlela lokunciphisa ukungcola emthonjeni nokonga amandla kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle, kanye nokwenza buthaka isimo sekhabhoni ephezulu yemboni yamakhemikhali asekelwe emalahleni.
Mayelana nentuthuko ephephile, uhulumeni kufanele acacise ukubaluleka kwamasu kanye nokumiswa kwezimboni kwamakhemikhali aphehla amandla asekelwe emalahleni “njengetshe le-ballast” lokuvikeleka kwamandla kagesi ezweni lami, futhi athathe ngobuqotho ukuthuthukiswa nokusetshenziswa kwamalahle okuhlanzekile nokusebenza ngendlela efanele njengesisekelo kanye nesisekelo. umsebenzi oyinhloko wokuguqulwa nokuthuthukiswa kwamandla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuyadingeka ukuhola ekwakhiweni kwezinqubomgomo zokuhlela ezisekelwe emalahleni kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamakhemikhali, ukuqondisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe obuphazamisayo, kanye nokukhuthaza ngokuhlelekile izimboni zamandla amalahle kanye namakhemikhali ukuze kuzuzwe kancane kancane ukuboniswa kokuthuthukiswa, ukuhweba okulinganiselwe kanye nezimboni ezigcwele; ukwakha izinqubomgomo eziqinisekisayo ezifanele zezomnotho nezezimali ukuze kwenziwe ngcono Ukuqalisa umnotho kanye nokuncintisana kwamabhizinisi, kwakhiwe isilinganiso esithile samakhono okushintsha uwoyela negesi esikhundleni samandla, nokudala isimo esihle sangaphandle sokuthuthukiswa kwemboni yamakhemikhali yamalahle yesimanje.
Mayelana nentuthuko esebenza kahle kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukwenza ucwaningo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimboni kobuchwepheshe bamakhemikhali asekelwe emalahleni obusebenza kahle kakhulu njengokuhlanganiswa okuqondile kwe-olefins/aromatics, i-pyrolysis yamalahle kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-gasification, kanye nokubona impumelelo kumandla. ukonga kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa; ukukhuthaza ngamandla imboni yamakhemikhali asekelwe emalahleni kanye Nokuthuthukiswa okudidiyelwe kwamandla nezinye izimboni, ukunweba uchungechunge lwezimboni, ukukhiqiza amakhemikhali asezingeni eliphezulu, anesici, nanenani eliphezulu, nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle komnotho, ukumelana nezingozi kanye nokuncintisana; ukujulisa ukuphathwa kwamandla okonga, kugxile ekukhuthazeni uchungechunge lobuchwepheshe bokonga amandla njengobuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa amandla ashisayo ezingeni eliphansi , ubuchwepheshe bokonga amalahle nokonga amanzi, ukuthuthukisa inqubo yobuchwepheshe, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwemithombo yamandla. (Meng Fanjun)
Dlulisa kusuka: China Industry News
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-21-2020